| S1 | H: narəd
lɛ attiatti kɛyuŋma kɛmɛnchiahaˀ mɛwayɛ?
| atti | atti | | where | where | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | yuŋ | ma | | ACT | stay.S1 | INF | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | mɛnchia | haˀ | | ACT | woman | PL | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Narad, where were your various woman-friends from? |
| S2 | N:
iŋga amɛnchia kɔ
khəi
! kurɛm mɛwayɛ.
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
My woman-friends, well!, there have been a lot of them. |
| S3 |
amɛnchiahaˀ
kohi
ɛttho thɔŋlɔŋ kɛyuŋmaaŋ mɛwayɛ.
| a | mɛnchia | haˀ | | 1SG | woman | PL | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | yuŋ | ma | aŋ | | ACT | stay.S1 | NOM.F | also | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Some were from up here in Thonglong, |
| S4 | kohi
ɛttho tho pandɔtluŋ kɛyuŋmaaŋ mɛwayɛ.
| kɛ | yuŋ | ma | aŋ | | ACT | stay.S1 | NOM.F | also | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
and some were from up in Pandotlung, |
| S5 |
asenba ro! —
tərə puraniya kohi
ɛtna liŋdhɛppa mɛwayɛ.
| liŋdhɛp | pa | | Lingthep | NOM | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
recent ones — but some of the old ones were from Lingthep. |
| S6 |
khɔmbhɛaŋ attiatti ɛtyo
kohi
khɔkliŋbaaŋ mɛwayɛ.
| atti | atti | | where | where | | misc | misc |
|
| khɔkliŋ | pa | aŋ | | Khokling | NOM | also | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
And some were from down in Khokling. |
| S7 | tərə
ɛmbhɛllɛ khɔkliŋbanu
cəĩ
anigɛ sɛːrigɛ.
| khɔkliŋ | pa | nu | | Khokling | NOM | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| sɛːr | igɛ | | separate.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
But now we've broken off with the Khokling ones. |
| S8 | ɛmbhɛllɛ ɛttho thɔŋlɔŋbanu — liŋdhɛppanu anigɛ sorik wayigɛ.| thɔŋlɔŋ | pa | nu | | Thonglong | NOM | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| liŋdhɛp | pa | nu | | Lingthep | NOM | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| way | igɛ | | be.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Now we are together with ones from Thonglong, with ones from Lingthep. |
| S9 | khɔmbha ɛtyo thɛdzɔŋbobahaˀci mɛwaˀ.| thɛdzɔŋbo | pa | haˀ | ci | | Thejongbo | NOM | PL | a.little | | misc | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
And there are a few from down in Thejongbo. |
| S10 | H:
khɔmbhɔ kɛwayi'llɛ attihaˀrɛ
cəĩ
khɔmbhɔ kɛwayi'llɛ nurik kɛmmɛtti
| kɛ | way | i | ɛllɛ | | 2 | be.S2 | 12PL.SO | SUB | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| atti | haˀ | rɛ | | which.one | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | way | i | ɛllɛ | | 2 | be.S2 | 12PL.SO | SUB | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛm | mɛtt | i | | 3NSG→2 | do.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
When you were together, which ones treated you well |
| S11 |
attihaˀrɛ
cəĩ
kɛmɛmmɛttinni nurik?
| atti | haˀ | rɛ | | which.one | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kɛmɛn | mɛtt | in | i | | 3NSG→2.NEG | do.S2 | 12PL.SO.NEG | Q | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
and which ones didn't treat you well? |
| S12 | N:
khan kɔ nurik kɔ ɛmbhɔ ɛttho thɔŋlɔŋb'ɛnnu
cəĩ
sarik nurik wayigɛ.
| thɔŋlɔŋ | pa | ɛn | nu | | Thonglong | NOM | DEF | SOC | | misc | misc | misc | misc |
|
| way | igɛ | | be.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
As for that, we were really getting on well with the Thonglong ones. |
| S13 | khɔmbhɛaŋ khanhaˀnu sɛːrigɛ mɛːnni?| khan | haˀ | nu | | that.one | PL | ABL | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| sɛːr | igɛ | | separate.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
But then we separated from them, OK? |
| S14 |
sɛːrigɛaŋ kɔ ɛtyo thɛdzɔmbobanu
tin bərsə
the anigɛ sarik nurik wayigɛ.
| sɛːr | igɛ | aŋ | | separate.S2 | 1PL.EX | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| thɛdzɔmbo | pa | nu | | Thejongbo | NOM | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| way | igɛ | | be.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
After we separated, for about three years we got along very well with the ones from Thejomboba. |
| S15 |
anigɛ nurik mɛmɛttigɛaŋ
ciʈʈhi
yapmi mɛhaktɛ.
| mɛ | mɛtt | igɛ | aŋ | | 3PL | do.S2 | 1PL.EX | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛ | hakt | ɛ | | 3PL | send.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
They treated us well and they sent us letters. |
| S16 | tərə
khɔn mɛnchian allo ɛmbhɛllɛ
mədes
yo peaŋ yuŋ.
But that one has gone down to the plains nowadays. |
| S17 | tərə əru
kudzumhaˀ rɔt mɛwaˀ. khɔmbhɛaŋ ɛmbhɛllɛ sɛːrigɛ — khɔnhaˀnu
cəĩ
.
| ku | cum | haˀ | | 3SG | friend | PL | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| sɛːr | igɛ | | separate.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| khɔn | haˀ | nu | | that.one | PL | ABL | | misc | misc | misc |
|
Only her friends are there. But we broke up with them. |
| S18 | H: khɔmbhɛllɛ kunara num'ɛn sira adhaŋ kɛsira thaŋɛi| nu | ma | ɛn | | good | NOM.F | DEF | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| a | thaŋ | | 1IN | come.up.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| thaŋ | ɛ | i | | come.up.S2 | PA | Q | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
So, do you like ones with pretty faces |
| S19 |
ku
sor
kɛnuˀm'ɛn
cəĩ
kɛsira thaŋɛi khɛnɛa?
| kɛ | nuˀ | ma | ɛn | | ACT | good.S1 | NOM.F | DEF | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| thaŋ | ɛ | i | | come.up.S2 | PA | Q | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
or do you like ones with nice voices? |
| S20 | N: khɔn kɔ ɛmbhɔ ni pha —N. It's like this: |
| S21 | kunara num'ɛn lɔt khɔn sira thaŋba paːnnɛn abhedaŋba phɛllɛ —| nu | ma | ɛn | | good | NOM.F | DEF | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| thaŋ | pa | | come.up.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
As far as only liking pretty ones — |
| S22 | jəti
khanhaˀnu yaˀ alaːk awaˀ abek
həgi
—
| khan | haˀ | nu | | that.one | PL | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| a | laːk | | 1IN | dance.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| a | waˀ | | 1IN | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| a | pek | | 1IN | go.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
the more we go on dancing with them — isn't that right? — |
| S23 |
yaˀ alaːkkɛllɛ khɔn
jəstəi aphno
thik
maya mohə lag
ba cok —
lag
ba cok pek.
| a | laːk | ɛllɛ | | 1IN | dance.S1 | SUB | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
when we dance, whatever she's like, we are fond of her — we get more and more fond of her. |
| S24 |
khɔmbhɛaŋ kɔ
aphno cal cələn
— mɛmma — tɔŋ pek.
Our manners — or whatever — come to agree — |
| S25 | hitcit
tɔŋ mɛtma poksɛ.
| mɛt | ma | | say.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| poks | ɛ | | become.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
our feelings are in harmony, I should say. |
| S26 | cal cələn
mɛːndu —
hittəcittə
—
aphno hittəcittə
tɔŋɛ.
| tɔŋ | ɛ | | agree.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
It's not our manners, its our feelings — we sympathise. |
| S27 |
tɔŋɛaŋ kɔ alla
aphno sor
ɛnnaŋ tɔŋɛ.
| tɔŋ | ɛ | aŋ | | agree.S2 | PA | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| sor | ɛn | aŋ | | voice | DEF | also | | | misc | misc |
|
| tɔŋ | ɛ | | agree.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
When we sympathize, then our voices harmonize as well. |
| S28 |
alla
cahe
— khallɛ ku
ənuhar
numa
hos
tap phɛːnba
hos| khan | lɛ | | that.one | GEN | | misc | misc |
|
| nu | ma | | good | NOM.F | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| phɛːn | pa | | bad.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Now her face may be pretty or it may be ugly, |
| S29 | aphno sor
ɛnnaŋ tɔŋ—
sor
ɛnnaŋ tɔŋɛ,
aphno hittəcittə
aŋ tɔŋɛ.
| sor | ɛn | aŋ | | voice | DEF | also | | | misc | misc |
|
| sor | ɛn | aŋ | | voice | DEF | also | | | misc | misc |
|
| tɔŋ | ɛ | | agree.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| hittəcittə | aŋ | | feeling | also | | | misc |
|
| tɔŋ | ɛ | | agree.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
if our voices are in harmony and our thoughts are in harmony |
| S30 |
khɔmbhɛ khanhaˀnu
cəĩ
waˀma sira adhaŋ pek
lətchə ni
.
| khan | haˀ | nu | | that.one | PL | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| waˀ | ma | | be.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| a | thaŋ | | 1IN | come.up.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
then it becomes a pleasure to be together with them. |
| S31 | tərə əgaɖi
ba khɛni — phɔŋa — ambhɔŋasirɛ khɛni —
| a | phɔŋa | si | rɛ | | 1SG | jun.pat.uncle | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc | misc |
|
But in the past, your generation, uncle — |
| S32 | H: kohi
cumlɛ abhe mɛdzogu phɛllɛ
| mɛ | cog | u | | 3PL | do.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Some of our friends, what they did — |
| S33 | kunara num'ɛnnu rɔt yaˀ mɛraːktɛ — yaˀ mɛraːktuba nisuŋ.| nu | ma | ɛn | nu | | good | NOM.F | DEF | SOC | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | raːkt | ɛ | | 3PL | dance.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛ | raːkt | u | pa | | 3PL | dance.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| nis | uŋ | | see.S2 | 1SG→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
they only danced with pretty ones — I saw them dance like that. |
| S34 | kohi
cumlɛ kunara tap phɛːnbanusaŋ yaˀ mɛraːktɛ.
| phɛːn | pa | nu | saŋ | | bad.S1 | NOM | SOC | CONCESS | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | raːkt | ɛ | | 3PL | dance.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Some danced even with ugly ones as well. |
| S35 | tərə
kunara numasaŋ ku
sor
kɔ tap phɛːnba
| nu | ma | saŋ | | good | NOM.F | CONCESS | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| phɛːn | pa | | bad.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
But though one might be pretty, her voice might be ugly, |
| S36 |
—
ə̃
— kunara ya tap phɛːnbasaŋ ku
sor
nuba.
| phɛːn | pa | saŋ | | bad.S1 | NOM | CONCESS | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
and an ugly one might have a nice voice. |
| S37 |
khɔmdaŋba mɛnchiahaˀnu attihaˀnu laːkma kɛsira thaŋɛ
əghi
phɛaŋ kɔ sen tonɛba.
| mɛnchia | haˀ | nu | | woman | PL | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| atti | haˀ | nu | | which.one | PL | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| laːk | ma | | dance.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| thaŋ | ɛ | | come.up.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
So that's why I asked before which women you liked to dance with. |
| S38 | N:
han kɔ ɛmbhɛllɛ
cəĩ
abhebhɛllɛ iŋga ittuŋŋaŋ khɔm rɔt abhebhɛllɛ
aphəi hitcit
tɔŋ.
| abhe | phɛllɛ | | how | COMP | | misc | misc |
|
| itt | uŋ | aŋ | | think.S2 | 1SG→3SG | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| abhe | phɛllɛ | | how | COMP | | misc | misc |
|
Its like this — when I've thought about it its just that — if the feelings are in harmony. |
| S39 | tərə
ɛmbhɛllɛsaŋ khɔmdaŋba khunchi
cələn
waˀ.
| ɛmbhɛllɛ | saŋ | | then | CONCESS | | misc | misc |
|
Even so, some peoples' way is — |
| S40 |
theaŋ hop —
jun
ci caŋ cinuba caksu — mɛːnni? —
| ci | nu | pa | | a.little | good | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| caks | u | | wear.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
there's nothing [else that matters]! — whichever one wears nice clothes, OK? |
| S41 |
atti'llɛ
koʈ
ɛmbhɛ
jutta
ɛmbhɛ nuba caksuaŋ waˀ
| atti | ɛllɛ | | which.one | GEN | | misc | misc |
|
| caks | u | aŋ | | wear.S2 | 3SG.O | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Whichever one has put on a nice coat and nice shoes, |
| S42 |
khallɛ
cəĩ
khanhaˀnu rɔt yaˀ kɛraːkpaŋ mɛwaˀ
kohi
kɔ.
| khan | lɛ | | that.one | ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| khan | haˀ | nu | | that.one | PL | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | raːk | pa | ŋ | | ACT | dance.S1 | NOM | also | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
some people only dance with them. |
| S43 | H:
khɔmbhɔ.
tərə
ɛmbhɛdaŋba mɔna awaˀ abhedaŋba awaˀ phɛllɛ — ani yakthuŋba awaˀɛllɛ —
| a | waˀ | | 1IN | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| a | waˀ | | 1IN | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| yakthuŋ | pa | | Limbu | NOM | | misc | misc |
|
| a | waˀ | ɛllɛ | | 1IN | be.S1 | SUB | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Just so. But we are like this — what we're like — we Limbus, |
| S44 |
kunara tap phɛːnbasaŋ ku
sor
tap phɛːnbasaŋ theyaːndɔk yaˀ araːk, nurik abaːt aet phɔgɔrɔ
| phɛːn | pa | saŋ | | bad.S1 | NOM | CONCESS | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| phɛːn | pa | saŋ | | bad.S1 | NOM | CONCESS | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| theyaːndɔk | | nonetheless | | misc |
|
| a | raːk | | 1IN | dance.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| a | paːt | | 1IN | speak.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| a | et | | 1IN | laugh.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
even if her face is ugly and her voice is ugly, all the same if we dance and we talk and laugh nicely, day after day, |
| S45 |
khɔnnɛn nuba ni tɛt
lətchə
mɔna'llɛ.
| khɔn | ɛn | | that.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| tɛt | | be.possible.S1 | | v[prstem] |
|
| mɔna | ɛllɛ | | man | ?DEF.ERG | | misc | misc |
|
why, she seems pretty. |
| S46 |
anigɛ
əghi
khɔmbha wayigɛ'llɛ
| way | igɛ | ɛllɛ | | be.S2 | 1PL.EX | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Before, when we were like that, |
| S47 |
khɔmdaŋ khunchi nara tap phɛːnbasaŋ khunchi
sor
tap phɛːnba saŋ
| phɛːn | pa | saŋ | | bad.S1 | NOM | CONCESS | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| phɛːn | pa | | bad.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
even though their faces were ugly and their voices were ugly, |
| S48 | yaˀ raːkti pegigɛ'llɛ anigɛ nuba nisumsimbɛ mɛnchiahaˀ.| raːkt | i | | dance.S2 | 12PL.SO | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| peg | igɛ | ɛllɛ | | go.S2 | 1PL.EX | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| nis | umsimbɛ | | see.S2 | 1PL.EX→3NSG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛnchia | haˀ | | woman | PL | | misc | misc |
|
when we went on dancing we saw them as beautiful, those women. |
| S49 | N: ə̃Hmm. |
| S50 | H: khɔmbhɔ khɔ mɛnchiahaˀ anigɛaŋ nuba mɛnisigɛ.| mɛnchia | haˀ | | woman | PL | | misc | misc |
|
| anigɛ | aŋ | | 1PL.EX | also | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | nis | igɛ | | 3PL | see.S2 | 1PL.EX | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
And those women saw us as good-looking too. |
| S51 | khɔmbhɛllɔ kɔ khɛnɛ sen tonɛba —| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
So that's why I'm asking you. |
| S52 | abhedaŋ abhedaŋba mɛnchiahaˀ mɛwayɛ| mɛnchia | haˀ | | woman | PL | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
What kinds of women were there, |
| S53 | abheabhebhɛllɛ yaˀ kɛraːkti| abhe | abhe | phɛllɛ | | how | how | COMP | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | raːkt | i | | 2 | paddy.dance.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
and how did you dance |
| S54 | iŋga sen tonɛba.| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
is what I'm asking you. |
| S55 | N: tərə
khɔn kɔ
əgaɖi
ba
cələn
kusik kɔ mɛlɔˀnɛn theaŋ —
| mɛ | lɔˀ | nɛn | | NEG | be.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
The custom is not the same as before, because — |
| S56 |
ɛmbhɛllɛ
cəĩ
abhedaŋba
how it is nowadays — |
| S57 |
asen — alla kɔ ambhɔŋasi
səttejug
ɛllɛ kɛsusiba
ho ki
?
| a | phɔŋa | si | | 1SG | jun.pat.uncle | PL | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| səttejug | ɛllɛ | | golden.age | ERG | | | misc |
|
| kɛ | sus | i | pa | | 2 | waft.S2 | 12PL.SO | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
before — uncle's generation experienced the golden age, right? |
| S58 |
alla
səttejug
mɛtma anigɛ itm'ɛllɛ
səttejug tərə
ɛmbhɛllɛ
cəĩ| mɛt | ma | | say.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| it | ma | ɛllɛ | | think.S1 | INF | SUB | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
Now the golden age — when we think of it it was the golden age, but now |
| S59 | jun
lɛ ci caŋ ɛmbhɛba mɛtma nuba caksu — caŋ thehaˀ —
| jun | lɛ | | whichever.one | ERG | | | misc |
|
| mɛt | ma | | say.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| caks | u | | wear.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
whoever wears nicer clothes and so on … |
| S60 | H:
khɔn kɔ khɔmbhɛ a.
tərə
ɛmbha kɔ mɛːn a.
Well, it's like that, but that's not the point. |
| S61 |
khɔ
jug jug
mɛːndukki,
— mɔnan kɔ ani lɔtthik —
| mɛːnduk | i | | is.not | Q | | v[pastem] | misc |
|
It's not a question of this age or that age, is it? -- we people are the same, |
| S62 |
ani nɛksaŋ lɔtthik, mikkaŋ lɔtthik
jəmmə
kudɔŋba pɔt — mɛːnni?
| ku | tɔŋ | pa | | 3SG | agree.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| pɔt | | be.suspended.S1 | | v[prstem] |
|
our flesh is the same, our eyes are the same, everything has stayed the same, no? |
| S63 | tərə jug
ɛn kɔ khan kɔ mɛːnduk.
It's not the age. |
| S64 | tərə
khamdaŋba mɔna abhedaŋba abhedaŋba mɛwayɛ.
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
But the kind of people, what kind were they? |
| S65 | abhebhɛllɛ khambha yaˀ kɛraːkti —| abhe | phɛllɛ | | how | COMP | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | raːkt | i | | 2 | dance.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
How did you dance? |
| S66 | abhe abhedaŋba mɛwayɛ phɛaŋ sen tonɛ — pha rɔt ni.| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| to | nɛ | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
What kind of people were there? — I'm asking you. |
| S67 |
ɛmbhɛllɛsaŋ
uhi
sa pha yaˀ raːkmasaŋ
uhi
.
| ɛmbhɛllɛ | saŋ | | thus | CONCESS | | misc | misc |
|
| raːk | ma | saŋ | | dance.S1 | INF | CONCESS | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
Even so, now, its the same — in dancing, its the same, |
| S68 | hɔnɛ paːnnɛn lɔtcha cɛːtcik pɛni paːnnɛtmu pɔːndɛrɔ — pɔːndɛ lasɛaŋ yak.| pɔːnd | ɛ | rɔ | | mix.S2 | PA | PROG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| pɔːnd | ɛ | | mix.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| las | ɛ | aŋ | | enter.S2 | PA | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
only the language has got a bit mixed with Nepali — its gotten mixed in — |
| S69 |
mɛːŋgɔrɔ
əghi
kɔ yakthuŋ paːn lɔt paːtmuna.
| paːt | muna | | speak.S1 | GER | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
otherwise, before we spoke only Limbu — |
| S70 | khɔmbhɛllɛ khɔn sen tonɛba ni iŋga kɔ. …| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
that's what I'm asking. |
| S71 | khɛnɛ yaˀ kɛraːktɛba iŋga nisuŋŋaŋ wayɛ nirɛŋ sumlɛŋ —| kɛ | raːkt | ɛ | pa | | 2 | dance.S2 | PA | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| nis | uŋ | aŋ | | see.S2 | 1SG→3SG | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| way | ɛ | | be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
I've seen you dancing two or three times. |
| S72 | səŋkranti
yaˀ kɛraːktɛ.
ramdali
yaˀ kɛraːktɛ.
| kɛ | raːkt | ɛ | | 2 | dance.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| kɛ | raːkt | ɛ | | 2 | dance.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
You danced at Sankranti, you danced at Ramdali. |
| S73 | yo thuʔyadu kɛbegi khatyo yaˀ kɛraːkti.| kɛ | peg | i | | 2 | go.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| kɛ | raːkt | i | | 2 | dance.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
You all went down and danced at Thukyadu. |
| S74 | taplejuŋ
aŋ thiklɛŋ yaˀ kɛraːktuba iŋga nisuŋ.
| taplejuŋ | aŋ | | Taplejung | also | | | misc |
|
| kɛ | raːkt | u | pa | | 2 | dance.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| nis | uŋ | | see.S2 | 1SG→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
I saw you dance once at Taplejung as well. |
| S75 | khɔmbhɛllɛ iŋga khɛnɛ sen tonɛba.| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
So I'm asking you. |
| S76 | N:
khɔmbhɛaŋ poŋ
tərə
the phɛllɛ — ɛmbhɛllɛ
cəĩ
alla —
əgaɖi
kɔ khɔmbhɔ wayɛ
| way | ɛ | | be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Thats also true but — before it was like that. |
| S77 | tərə
ɛmbhɛllɛ
cəĩ
—
ləu
! the! — ɛmbhɛbhɔ —
But now its like this — |
| S78 |
caŋwaːn nuba kɛdzaŋba khɔmdaŋba atti ku
sor
kɛnuˀb'ɛllɔt o mɛmɛttusi hindzaɛllɛ o.
| caŋ | waːn | | clothing | ornament | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | caŋ | pa | | ACT | clothing | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | nuˀ | pa | ɛn | lɔt | | ACT | good.S1 | NOM | DEF | only | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | mɛtt | usi | | 3PL | do.S2 | 3.O.NSG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| hindza | ɛllɛ | | youngster | DEF.ERG | | misc | misc |
|
The ones that are nicely dressed and have nice voices — the youngsters look at them only. |
| S79 | H: khɔmbhɔ mɛlɔˀrɛaŋsa sen tonɛba.| mɛ | lɔˀr | ɛ | aŋ | sa | | 3PL | say.S2 | PA | CJ | ADV | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
It's because they say that that I asked you. |
| S80 | N: hindzaɛllɛ khɔmdaŋba o mɛmɛttusi —| hindza | ɛllɛ | | youngster | DEF.ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | mɛtt | usi | | 3PL | do.S2 | 3.O.NSG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
The young girls only look at that kind — |
| S81 |
attin
ʈopi
pɛrɛkkɛkkɛkpa khuːksu,
| atti | n | | which.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| pɛrɛkkɛkkɛkpa | | ONOM.rakishly | | misc |
|
| khuːks | u | | wear.on.head.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
whichever one wears a cap at a rakish angle, |
| S82 | atti'llɛ caŋ cinuba caksu,| atti | ɛllɛ | | which.one | DEF.ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| ci | nu | pa | | a.little | good | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| caks | u | | wear.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
whichever one wears nice clothes, |
| S83 |
atti'llɛ ku
sor
ɛn nuˀ,
| atti | ɛllɛ | | which.one | DEF.GEN | | misc | misc |
|
| ku | sor | ɛn | | 3SG | voice | DEF | | misc | | misc |
|
whichever one's voice is beautiful, |
| S84 | khannɛn lɔt khunchi hindzahaˀrɛ ɛmbhɛllɛ hindzahaˀrɛ o — khanhaˀ — o mɛmɛttusi.| khan | ɛn | | that.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| hindza | haˀ | rɛ | | youngster | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| hindza | haˀ | rɛ | | youngster | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | mɛtt | usi | | 3PL | do.S2 | 3.O.NSG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
they only look at him. |
| S85 | H:
khɔmbhɔ. anigɛ kɔ ɛmbhɔ
ʈopi
pɛr'kkɛkkɛkpa kɛghuːŋba,
| pɛr'kkɛkkɛkpa | | ONOM.rakishly | | misc |
|
| kɛ | khuːŋ | pa | | ACT | wear.on.head.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Exactly. But as for us, the one who wore his cap stylishly, |
| S86 | colo
nuba kɛdzaŋba, sim nuba kɛdzaŋba,
| kɛ | caŋ | pa | | ACT | clothing | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | caŋ | pa | | ACT | clothing | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
who wore a pretty blouse, a pretty skirt, |
| S87 | khamdaŋba kɔ mɛːndu. anigɛ kɔ abhedaŋba phɛllɛ alla thiklɛŋ yaˀ raːktigɛ,| khamdaŋba | pa | | thus.ADJ | NOM | | misc | misc |
|
| raːkt | igɛ | | dance.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
that wasn't our kind — the way we were, we danced one day, |
| S88 | yammu niyaːn sumyaːn lɛ thiklɛŋ laːktumbɛ,| laːkt | umbɛ | | dance.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
and then we danced again after two or three days, |
| S89 | khɔmbhɛaŋ niyaːn sumyaːn yaˀ araːk abekkaŋ kɔ| a | raːk | | 1IN | dance.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| a | pek | aŋ | | 1IN | go.S1 | CJ | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
and then after we'd gone on dancing two or three days, |
| S90 |
tap phɛːnba mɔnannaŋ nuba ni tɛt
lətchə
.
| phɛːn | pa | | bad.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɔna | n | aŋ | | man | DEF | also | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| tɛt | | be.possible.S1 | | v[prstem] |
|
why, even an ugly person came to look good. |
| S91 | N:
nuba ni tɛt
tərə aphno maya prem bəs
pa cok mɛtmuna o.
| tɛt | | be.possible.S1 | | v[prstem] |
|
| mɛt | muna | | say.S1 | GER | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
They come to look good — you've fallen in love, let's say. |
| S92 | H: khɔmbhɔ. khɔmbhɛaŋ anigɛ kɔ khɔmbhɔ yaˀ raːktigɛ pegigɛ'llɛ| raːkt | igɛ | | dance.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| peg | igɛ | ɛllɛ | | go.S2 | 1PL.EX | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Right. That way when we went on dancing |
| S93 | nuba tap phɛːnba kunara o mɛmmɛtpa anigɛ kɔ.| phɛːn | pa | | bad.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛn | mɛt | pa | | NEG | do.S1 | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
we didn't look whether her face was beautiful or ugly. |
| S94 | sor
aŋ nuba tap phɛːnba khɔmdaŋba anigɛ o mɛmmɛtpa.
| phɛːn | pa | | bad.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛn | mɛt | pa | | NEG | do.S1 | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Her voice, too, we didn't even consider if it was beautiful. |
| S95 | N: əgaɖi ko cələn
nuba.
The old way was good. |
| S96 | H: lɛplɔˀ laːtmaŋ yammu yaˀ raːksɛ lasigɛaŋ anigɛ paːn khɔmbhɔ — lɔːn pekma hoptɛ.| laːt | ma | ŋ | | enter.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| raːk | sɛ | | dance.S1 | PURP | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| las | igɛ | aŋ | | enter.S2 | 1PL.EX | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| pek | ma | | go.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| hopt | ɛ | | not.be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Once we went right there, once we started dancing, our rule was, there was no going out. |
| S97 | ɛmbha lasigɛaŋ kɔ yaˀ raːktigɛ the! — khɔmbha palammɛn paːttumbɛrɔ teˀrumbɛ.| las | igɛ | aŋ | | enter.S2 | 1PL.EX | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| raːkt | igɛ | | dance.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| paːtt | umbɛ | rɔ | | say.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | PROG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| teˀr | umbɛ | | take.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We started, we danced, we went on singing the songs, |
| S98 |
paːttumbɛrɔ teˀrumbɛ khɔmbhɛaŋ kɔ
jəba
seˀmat yusɛ kɔrɔ lɔːnmunaba.
| paːtt | umbɛ | rɔ | | say.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | PROG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| teˀr | umbɛ | | take.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| yus | ɛ | | send.down.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| lɔːn | muna | pa | | come.out.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
we went on singing and then, if we had to pee we went out, |
| S99 | hi yusɛ kɔrɔ lɔːnmunaba.| yus | ɛ | | send.down.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| lɔːn | muna | pa | | come.out.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
if we had to shit we went out, |
| S100 | hi seˀmat ni mɛyunɛn phɔgɔrɔ ɛmbha yaːkmunaba. nam taːttaːtchaŋ yaːkmunaba ni.| mɛ | yu | nɛn | | NEG | feel.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
| yaːk | muna | pa | | stay.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| taːt | taːt | saŋ | | bring.S1 | bring.S1 | CONCESS | | redup | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| yaːk | muna | pa | | stay.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
but if we didn't we stayed, even until daybreak. |
| S101 | attiatti thaŋb'ɛnnu atti mɛnchiaŋ mɔre nam taːttaːt yaˀ raːksi| atti | atti | | which.one | which.one | | misc | misc |
|
| thaŋba | ɛn | nu | | young.man | DEF | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛnchia | ŋ | | woman | also | | misc | misc |
|
| taːt | taːt | | bring.S1 | bring.S1 | | redup | v[prstem] |
|
| raːk | si | | dance.S1 | DU | | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
If a young man and a girl danced for a long time, until dawn, |
| S102 |
khan phaŋ khunchi nurik waˀsiba ani
bicar
cokma poŋ.
| waˀ | si | pa | | be.S1 | DU | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| cok | ma | | do.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
we had to think that that couple got along well. |
| S103 | khamdaŋba wayɛ ɛmbha nam taːttaːtchaŋ yaːkmunabaasi hi seˀmat mɛllɔːntarik.| way | ɛ | | be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| taːt | taːt | saŋ | | bring.S1 | bring.S1 | CONCESS | | redup | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| yaːk | muna | pa | asi | | stay.S1 | GER | NOM | 3PL.COP | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛn | lɔːn | tarik | | NEG | come.out.S1 | up.to | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
That's how we were — staying on even as the sun rose — until they had to pee. |
| S104 |
ɛmbhɛllɛ khɛni abhedaŋba
kisim
abhebhɛllɛ abhedaŋba kɛlaːktum kɔ phɛaŋ sen tonɛba.
| abhe | phɛllɛ | | how | COMP | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | laːkt | um | | 2 | dance.S2 | 12PL→3SG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
So I am asking you how you dance. |
| S105 | N:
ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ cɛːtcik ci ku
sor
kɛnuˀb'ɛn thik tumu phɔgɔrɔ sɔpma yaˀ raːk.
| kɛ | nuˀ | pa | ɛn | | ACT | good.S1 | NOM | DEF | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| tum | u | | meet.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Well, if a man meets someone who has a nice voice, he'll dance a while, |
| S106 | nəbhəe dekhi cəĩ
khannɛn yaˀ mɛraːknɛn.
| khan | ɛn | | that.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | raːk | nɛn | | NEG | dance.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
otherwise he doesn't dance. |
| S107 |
atti thik mɛ-- — attin ci ku
sor
kɛnuˀma mɛnchia yaːk, khɔnnɛn — khɔnnɛnnu laːktuŋŋi.
| atti | n | | which.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | nuˀ | ma | | ACT | good.S1 | NOM.F | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| khɔn | ɛn | | that.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| khɔn | ɛn | nu | | that.one | DEF | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| laːkt | uŋ | i | | dance.S2 | 1SG→3SG | Q | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Whichever woman has a nice voice, [I think:] will I dance with her? |
| S108 |
attin ci numa mɛnchiahaˀ, atti'llɛ khallɛ ci caŋŋɛn
məilo dəilo
mɛdzaksun,
| atti | n | | which.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| nu | ma | | good | NOM.F | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| atti | ɛllɛ | | which.one | DEF.ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| khan | lɛ | | that.one | ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | caks | un | | NEG | wear.S2 | 3SG.O.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
One who is somewhat pretty, one who wears clothes that aren't all dirty, |
| S109 |
caŋ cinuba caksu, ɛmbhɛba
tatan
pɔːtthaŋ khuːksu,
| ci | nu | pa | | a.little | good | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| caks | u | | wear.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| khuːks | u | | wear.on.head.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
one who wears nice clothes, who wears a tartan headscarf, |
| S110 |
khɔnnu rɔt — khɔnnɛnnu rɔt yaˀ mɛraːk ɛmbhɛllɛ
cəĩ
.
| khɔn | nu | | that.one | SOC | | misc | misc |
|
| khɔn | ɛn | nu | | that | DEF | SOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | raːk | | 3PL | dance.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
they only dance with them, nowadays. |
| S111 | H: khɔmbhɔ. iŋgaaŋ khɔmdaŋba nisuŋŋaŋsa sen tonɛ.| nis | uŋ | aŋ | sa | | see.S2 | 1SG→3SG | CJ | ADV | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
| to | nɛ | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
Right. I've seen this so I'm asking you. |
| S112 |
khɔmdaŋba mɛwaˀ. khan kudopma kɛbaːttu
rətchə
khɛnɛ.
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| kɛ | paːtt | u | | 2 | say.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
that's the way they are, you've told it straight. |
| S113 |
khamdaŋba ɛmbhɛllɛ mɔna
cəĩ
nuba
caha
mɛdzogɛ.
| mɛ | cog | ɛ | | 3PL | do.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
They only want nice-looking ones. |
| S114 |
ku
sor
aŋ nuba kɛlɔːnbahaˀ, caŋŋaŋ nuba kɛdzaŋbahaˀ, khɔmdaŋbanu yaˀ kɛraːktɛ
rətchə
.
| ku | sor | aŋ | | 3SG | voice | also | | misc | | misc |
|
| kɛ | lɔːn | pa | haˀ | | ACT | come.out.S1 | NOM | PL | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| caŋ | aŋ | | clothing | also | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | caŋ | pa | haˀ | | ACT | clothing | NOM | PL | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| khɔmdaŋba | nu | | like.that | SOC | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | raːkt | ɛ | | ACT | dance.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
one who's voice comes out nicely, ones who wear nice clothes — that's the kind they dance with. |
| S115 | anigɛ khɔmdaŋba hoptɛ. khɔmbhɛllɛ sen tonɛba.| hopt | ɛ | | not.be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
We weren't like that. So I'm asking you. |
| S116 | yammu ɛmbhɛllɛ khɛni kɛlɔˀri, kɛbaːttum palam.| kɛ | lɔˀr | i | | 2 | say.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| kɛ | paːtt | um | | 2 | say.S2 | 12PL→3SG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Now again you do like this, you sing the words, |
| S117 | khɛni kɔ "aˀaˀaˀ nuˀuˀu" kɛlɔˀri.| kɛ | lɔˀr | i | | 2 | say.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
you all sing like this : a' a' a' nu' u' u |
| S118 | anigɛ kɔ khɔmdaŋba hoptɛ.| hopt | ɛ | | not.be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We had nothing like that. |
| S119 | sor
uːksumbɛ kenba khɔmbhɛ kɔ — "aaii eeee eeeeeeee" lɔt khɔmdaŋba uːŋmunaba
sor
ni wayɛ.
| uːks | umbɛ | | pull.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| ken | pa | | long.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| uːŋ | muna | pa | | pull.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| way | ɛ | | be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We just drew out our voices long like this aaaaiiii eeee eeeee — drawing out the voice like that. |
| S120 | N: khɔmdaŋba.Like that. |
| S121 | H: khɛni ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ "aˀaˀaˀa ɔˀɔˀɔˀ" kɛlɔˀri.| kɛ | lɔˀr | i | | 2 | say.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
You all sound like this: aq aq aq oq oq oq. |
| S122 |
khannɛn
cəĩ
aŋ yakma yak
rətchə
mu paːn.
| yak | ma | | be.in.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Still the meaning is there, inside. |
| S123 | kusiŋ kɛniːttum khɛni. iŋga kɔ kusiŋ mɛniːtnan.| kɛ | niːtt | um | | 2 | recognize.S2 | 12PL→3SG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛ | niːt | nan | | NEG | recognize.S1 | 1SG.NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
You all understand it, but I don't. |
| S124 | N:
khɔnnɛn
cəĩ
ɛmbhɔ.
It's like this. |
| S125 | alla asenba khɔdakmirɛ kɔ abhe mɛdzɛksu?| khɔdakmi | rɛ | | elder | ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | cɛks | u | | 3PL | tell.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
How did the old-timers say the words? |
| S126 |
alla ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ
səttejug
—
səttejug
ɛllɛ alla yo pha theaŋ theaŋ lɛksɛ.
| səttejug | ɛllɛ | | golden.age | DEF.GEN | | | misc |
|
| lɛks | ɛ | | change.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Back then in the golden age — now everything has changed. |
| S127 |
alla theaŋ theaŋ lɛŋ khɔn mɛbaːttuba iŋga khɛpsuŋba
jəsto
ro.
| mɛ | paːtt | u | pa | | 3PL | say.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| khɛps | uŋ | pa | | hear.S2 | 1SG→3SG | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Now everything is different, I've heard them say. |
| S128 | khɔmbhɛllɛ iŋga kudzɛk ɛmbha khambekkɛn ni cɛlɛk! lɛksɛba ittuŋŋaŋ| lɛks | ɛ | pa | | turn.over.S2 | PA | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| itt | uŋ | aŋ | | think.S2 | 1SG→3SG | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Then I think, really, the earth itself has turned over, |
| S129 |
ɛmbhɔ
aphno bhasa
ŋ lɛŋba
rətchə
,
| lɛŋ | pa | | change.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
and so our language, changes as well. |
| S130 | theaŋ theaŋ lɛŋ,Everything changes. |
| S131 | aphno
caŋ,
boli
n lɛ
bhasa
yaŋ,
| bhasa | yaŋ | | language | also | | | misc |
|
Our clo— our language also, |
| S132 |
ɛmdaŋba caŋwaːn lɛŋ — caŋm'ɛnnaŋ
jəmmə
lɛŋba
rətchə
.
| caŋ | waːn | | clothing | ornament | | misc | misc |
|
| caŋ | ma | ɛn | aŋ | | clothing | INF | DEF | also | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| lɛŋ | pa | | change.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Clothing changes — the clothing we wear changes. |
| S133 | tərə
iŋga khɔnnɛn
cəĩ
alla ɛmbhɔ poŋ pek phɔ iŋga mɛnniɛ wayaŋ.
| mɛn | ni | ɛ | | NEG | see.S1 | GER | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| way | aŋ | | be.S2 | 1SG.SO.PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
I hadn't seen that this was happening, |
| S134 |
alla
sal
— ɛmbhɔ ni —
salinda
sa ni tɛtpa.
| tɛt | pa | | be.possible.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
but now year after year it can be seen. |
| S135 | H: tərə
khɔmbha thaŋb'ɛn mɛnchia waˀmuna'llɛ
| waˀ | muna | ɛllɛ | | be.S1 | GER | SUB | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
But when you young men and woman are together, |
| S136 | khɛnɛ yaŋ nɛnɛtchi —khɛnɛ nɛtchi kɛlɔːttu kɔrɔ iŋga nɛtchi lɔːttuŋ.| nɛ | nɛtchi | | 1SG→2SG | two | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | lɔːtt | u | | 2 | take.out.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| lɔːtt | uŋ | | take.out.S2 | 1SG→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
if you take out two rupees each — if you take out two rupees, I take out two rupees. |
| S137 |
tho cummɛllɛ nɛtchi lɔːttu, na cummɛllɛ nɛtchi lɔːttu. khɔmbhɔ
jəmmə
rɛ lɔːtmunaŋ
| cum | ɛllɛ | | friend | DEF.ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| lɔːtt | u | | take.out.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| cum | ɛllɛ | | friend | DEF.ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| lɔːtt | u | | take.out.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| lɔːt | muna | ŋ | | take.out.S1 | GER | also | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
Our friend up above takes out two rupees, the one over here takes out two rupees. So all pay up. |
| S138 | khɔnnɛn tɔŋmunasiŋŋaŋ mɛːnda thik taːtmunaŋ| tɔŋ | muna | siŋ | aŋ | | agree.S1 | GER | REFL | also | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| taːt | muna | ŋ | | bring.S1 | GER | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
When everyone has agreed, we get a goat, |
| S139 |
khɔmbhɔ phudoŋ pimunasi, thi pimunasiba
cələn əghi
wayɛ
əghi
anigɛ.
| pi | muna | si | | give.S1 | GER | PL.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| pi | munasi | pa | | give.S1 | GER.PL.O | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| way | ɛ | | be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
we give them hospitality, we give them beer — that was our custom, before. |
| S140 | thi purumsimbɛ. phudoŋ purumsimbɛ.| pur | umsimbɛ | | give.S2 | 1PL.EX→3NSG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| pur | umsimbɛ | | give.S2 | 1PL.EX→3NSG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We gave them beer, we gave them hospitality. |
| S141 |
yaˀs'yaˀ wa mɛyuktuaŋ kɔ
besar
ci mɛdhɛktu.
| mɛ | yukt | u | aŋ | | 3PL | soak | 3SG.O | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| besar | ci | | turmeric | a.little | | | misc |
|
| mɛ | thɛkt | u | | 3PL | put.in.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
They would soak some rice and put in a little turmeric. |
| S142 |
khɔmbhɛaŋ kɔ khallɛ khɔllɛ
hərandi
mɛdhɛktuaŋ kɔ hiːktaŋba mɛdzoguaŋ kɔ
| khan | lɛ | | that.one | ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| khɔn | lɛ | | that.one | ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | thɛkt | u | aŋ | | 3PL | put.in.S2 | 3SG.O | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛ | cog | u | aŋ | | 3PL | do.S2 | 3SG.O | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
They would put in turmeric and make it yellow |
| S143 | khiu
cɛ mɛdhɛktuaŋ kɔ mɛnɔyu. mɛnɔyuaŋ kɔ
| mɛ | thɛkt | u | aŋ | | 3PL | put.in.S2 | 3SG.O | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛ | nɔy | u | | 3PL | fry.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛ | nɔy | u | aŋ | | 3PL | fry.S2 | 3SG.O | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
and they would put in a bit of ghee and fry it. |
| S144 |
khandzi mɛnɛssu mɛburusi.
kəhile
kɔ —
| khan | ci | | that.one | a.little | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | nɛss | u | | 3PL | lay.down.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛ | pur | usi | | 3PL | give.S2 | 3.O.NSG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
They would serve up a little of that sometimes. |
| S145 | kəhile
kɔ ku
bela
kɔ kha — wadhiːnnaŋ mɛburusi.
| mɛ | pur | usi | | 3PL | give.S2 | 3.O.NSG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Sometimes they would give eggs too. |
| S146 |
khɔmdaŋba mɛburusiba nisuŋŋaŋ anigɛaŋ purumsimbɛ
əghi
khɔmbhɔ yaˀ raːktigɛ'llɛ.
| mɛ | pur | usi | pa | | 3PL | give.S2 | 3.O.NSG | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| nis | uŋ | aŋ | | see.S2 | 1SG→3SG | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| anigɛ | aŋ | | 1PL.EX | also | | misc | misc |
|
| pur | umsimbɛ | | give.S2 | 1PL.EX→3NSG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| raːkt | igɛ | ɛllɛ | | dance.S2 | 1PL.EX | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
I saw them give such things, we too would give them things, before, when we danced. |
| S147 |
khɔmbhɔ pim'nasi phudoŋ — phudoŋ pim'nasi — khɛni phudoŋ kɛbiasii kɛmbiasinni khɛni
cəĩ
?
| pi | muna | si | | give.S1 | GER | PL.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| pi | muna | si | | give.S1 | GER | PL.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | pi | asi | i | | 2 | give.S1 | 12PL.REFL | Q | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛn | pi | asin | i | | 2.NEG | give.S1 | 12PL.REFL.NEG | Q | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Such hospitality — do you all give each other hospitality or don't you? |
| S148 | N:
phudoŋ — phudoŋŋɛllɛ
cələn əjhəi
waˀ khɔnnɛn.
| phudoŋ | ɛllɛ | | hospitality | DEF.GEN | | misc | misc |
|
Gifts — the custom of hospitality is still around. |
| S149 | H: waˀi?Is it? |
| S150 | N:
waˀ. theaŋ hoppɛllɛ abhɛllɛ khunchi alla
jəstəi
tho amuːt mɛːnni?
| hop | ɛllɛ | | not.be.S1 | SUB | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| am | uːt | | 3NSG→1IN | call.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
It is. Why wouldn't it be? Now suppose they invite us up there, OK? |
| S151 | alla amuːttaŋ khunchi ni yapmi phudoŋ mɛbɛrɛ phɔgɔrɔ| am | uːt | aŋ | | 3NSG→1IN | call.S1 | CJ | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | pɛr | ɛ | | 3PL | give.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Now if they invite us and give us hospitality, |
| S152 |
alla aniaŋ egaŋ uːtmasiaŋ
uhi
khan
purəi
pim'nasi poksɛ.
| uːt | ma | si | aŋ | | call.S1 | INF | NSG.O | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| pi | munasi | | give.S1 | GER.PL.O | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| poks | ɛ | | must.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
we, too, afterwards, we have to invite them and give them fully the same. |
| S153 | H: khɔmbhɔ.Right. |
| S154 | N:
— khunchi
jəsto
mɛdzogu.
| mɛ | cog | u | | 3PL | do.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
It's whatever they do. |
| S155 | khunchi khannɛn ni amɛmbinɛn phɔgɔrɔ,| khan | ɛn | | that.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| amɛn | pi | nɛn | | 3NSG→1IN.NEG | give.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
If they don't give it to us — |
| S156 |
thi rɔt ambɛrɛ
camre
therɔt ambɛrɛ phɔgɔrɔ aniaŋ
uhi
.
| am | pɛr | ɛ | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| am | pɛr | ɛ | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
If they only give us beer, if they only give us rice-cake, we do the same. |
| S157 | uhi
khɔnnɛn
cələn
cokma poksɛ.
| cok | ma | | do.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| poks | ɛ | | must.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
That's what we have to do. |
| S158 | H: khɔmbhɛllɛsa. khunchi ambɛrɛ gɔ khunchi ambib'ɛn yaːppa pimasi poŋŋi,| khɔmbhɛllɛ | sa | | then | ADV | | misc | misc |
|
| am | bɛr | ɛ | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| am | pi | pa | ɛn | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S1 | NOM | DEF | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| pi | ma | si | | give.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| poŋ | i | | must.S1 | Q | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
In that case, do we have to give them the same amount as they give us? |
| S159 | khunchi ambib'ɛnnu lɛ ciyɔnba pimasi poŋŋi,| am | pi | pa | ɛn | nu | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S1 | NOM | DEF | ABL | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| ci | yɔn | pa | | a.little | big.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| pi | ma | si | | give.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| poŋ | i | | must.S1 | Q | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
or do we have to give them a little more? |
| S160 | khunchi ambib'ɛnnu lɛ cidzuːkpa pimasi poŋŋi? khɔmbhɔ khan sen tonɛba — khɛnɛ ɛmbhɛllɛ abheba kɛmbiri kɔ phɛaŋ.| am | pi | pa | ɛn | nu | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S1 | NOM | DEF | ABL | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| ci | cuːk | pa | | a.little | small.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| pi | ma | si | | give.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| poŋ | i | | must.S1 | Q | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛm | pir | i | | 3NSG→2 | give.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
or do we have to give them a little less? Nowadays what do you do? — that's what I'm asking. |
| S161 | N:
khɔn ɛmbhɛ ni. allo alla
car dharni
pa ambisi — mɛːnni?
| am | pi | si | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S1 | DU | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
It's like this. Now they give us four dharnis — OK? |
| S162 | anchi alla — anchi cum aboksɛsi mɛːnni?| a | poks | ɛsi | | 1IN | become.S2 | PA.DU | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Now we — we two are friends, right? |
| S163 | thik mɛnchia lɛ auːttɛsi.| a | uːtt | ɛsi | | 1IN | call.S2 | PA.DU | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
A woman has invited us. |
| S164 |
abesiaŋ kɔ alla
tyestəi car dharni pãc dharni
pa alla ambɛrɛsi
ho ki
?
| a | pe | si | aŋ | | 1IN | go.S2 | DU | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| am | pɛr | ɛsi | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S2 | PA.DU | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We go and they give us four or five dharnis, right? |
| S165 | H: khɔmbhɔ.Right. |
| S166 | N: khɔmbhɛllɛ ambɛrɛsillɛ alla khɔn lɔt kɔ nuːkma mɛnuːrɛn.| am | pɛr | ɛsi | ɛn | lɛ | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S2 | PA.DU | DEF | INST | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
| nuːk | ma | | return.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | nuːr | ɛn | | NEG | be.good.S2 | PA.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Now what she gave us, it won't do give only the same amount in return. |
| S167 |
khɔn
bhənda dharni
nɛtchi
bərta
pa o — khɔnnu lɛ ciyɔnba.
| ci | yɔn | pa | | a.little | big.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
It has to be two dharnis more — it has to be a little more. |
| S168 | tərə dharni
lisi kɛbɔtpa ambisi kɔrɔ
chə dharni
pa
sat dharni
pa
səmmə
ani kokmaŋ kɔ —
| kɛ | pɔt | pa | | ACT | be.suspended.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| am | pi | si | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S1 | DU | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
| kok | ma | ŋ | | increase.S1 | INF | also | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
If they give us four dharnis, we have to go up to six or seven dharnis. |
| S169 | H: thinaŋ cɛːtci yɔnba mɛttɛr'ba.| thi | n | aŋ | | beer | DEF | also | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| yɔn | pa | | big.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛtt | ɛ | r'ba | | do.S2 | PA | (?) | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
The beer, too, has to be a bit more. |
| S170 | N: cɛːtci yɔnba. thinaŋ khɔmbha kokma poksɛ.| yɔn | pa | | big.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| thi | n | aŋ | | beer | DEF | also | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kok | ma | | increase.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| poks | ɛ | | must.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
A bit more. We have to add in some beer. |
| S171 | alla phudoŋ ambisib'ɛnnaŋ kokmaŋ kɔ pimasi poŋ.| am | pi | si | pa | ɛn | aŋ | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S1 | DU | NOM | DEF | also | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kok | ma | ŋ | | increase.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| pi | ma | si | | give.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
We have to give more than what they give us. |
| S172 | H:
khɔmbhɔgɔrɔ khɛni paːnnɛn lɔt ni, khɛni palam paːnnɛn lɔt ni,
sor
ɛn lɔt ni khɔmbha kɛuːksummɛllɛ ci
bhinnəi
kɛuːksum
lətchə həi
?
| kɛ | uːks | um | ɛllɛ | | 2 | pull.S2 | 12PL→3SG | SUB | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| ci | bhinnəi | | a.little | different | | misc | |
|
| kɛ | uːks | um | | 2 | pull.S2 | 12PL→3SG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
In that case, it's only your words — only the words of your songs — only when you draw out your voices that you draw them out a little differently, right? |
| S173 | N: ???? |
| S174 | H: tərə əghi
anigɛ uːksumbɛ'nnu mɛdɔŋnɛnnɛllɛ sen tonɛba.
| uːks | umbɛ | ɛn | nu | | pull.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | DEF | SOC | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | tɔŋ | nɛn | ɛllɛ | | NEG | agree.S1 | NEG | SUB | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
It's because it isn't like the way we sang that I asked you. |
| S175 |
khɔn anigɛaŋ asen anigɛaŋ kɔ koktumbɛaŋ purumsimbɛ —
uhi
.
| anigɛ | aŋ | | 1PL.EX | also | | misc | misc |
|
| anigɛ | aŋ | | 1PL.EX | also | | misc | misc |
|
| kokt | umbɛ | aŋ | | increase.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| pur | umsimbɛ | | give.S2 | 1PL.EX→3NSG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
For the rest, we, too, gave gifts adding a little — the same way. |
| S176 | khunchi mɛbirigɛb'ɛnnu lɛ cɛːtci yɔnba kokmaŋ pimasi poŋ.| mɛ | pir | igɛ | pa | ɛn | nu | | 3PL | give.S2 | 1PL.EX | NOM | DEF | ABL | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc | misc |
|
| yɔn | pa | | big.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kok | ma | ŋ | | increase.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| pi | ma | si | | give.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
One has to add a little more to what they've given us. |
| S177 |
khunchi ambiba
rəksi
nu lɛ cɛːtci yɔllik cɛːtci yoˀmaŋ, cɛːtci yɔllik cokmaŋ pimasi pimasi poŋ.
| am | pi | pa | | 3NSG→1IN | give.S1 | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| yoˀ | ma | ŋ | | add.on.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| cok | ma | ŋ | | do.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| pi | ma | si | | give.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| pi | ma | si | | give.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
One has to add a bit more alcohol to what they've given us, and give it to them. |
| S178 | tərə
khunchi
rəksi
n thuŋma tema poŋ,
jəmmə
cum tɔŋmunasiŋŋaŋ kɔ ayuŋ — ha'tmu
| thuŋ | ma | | drink.S2 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| te | ma | | dispatch.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| tɔŋ | muna | siŋ | aŋ | | agree.S1 | GER | REFL | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| a | yuŋ | | 1IN | stay.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
And we must drink up their alcohol — we all get together and drink. |
| S179 | cumluŋ cokma poksɛ, cumdzum — cumluŋ adzokkaŋ khannɛtmu tɔŋmasiŋŋaŋ thuŋma.| cok | ma | | do.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| poks | ɛ | | become.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| cum | cum | | friend | friend | | misc | misc |
|
| a | cok | aŋ | | 1IN | do.S1 | CJ | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| tɔŋ | ma | siŋ | aŋ | | agree.S1 | INF | REFL | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| thuŋ | ma | | drink.S2 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
We have to have a discussion among friends, to discuss it and then get together and drink. |
| S180 |
yammu akkhɛn
jəna
anda — wayɛ — awaˀ, yaˀ kɛraːkpa, khan
jəmmə
rɛ yammu
| akkhɛn | jəna | | how.many | human.CLF | | misc | |
|
| way | ɛ | | be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| a | waˀ | | 1IN | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| kɛ | raːk | pa | | ACT | dance.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
However many we are — dancers — all |
| S181 | uhi
lɔːtmaŋ kɔ yammu iŋmaŋ khatmu cɛːtci kokmaŋ pimunasiba kɔ.
| lɔːt | ma | ŋ | | take.out.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| iŋ | ma | ŋ | | buy.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| kok | ma | ŋ | | increase.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| pi | munasi | pa | | give.S1 | GER.PL.O | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
get out the same amount and buy it and give it to them, adding a little. |
| S182 | asennaŋ wayɛ anigɛ yaˀ raːktigɛ'llɛaŋ.| way | ɛ | | be.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| raːkt | igɛ | ɛllɛ | aŋ | | dance.S2 | 1PL.EX | SUB | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
It was like that before too, when we danced. |
| S183 |
khɔmbhɔ khɔncha khɛnɛ sen tonɛba khɔn
tə ho
.
| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
That's why I asked about that in particular. |
| S184 |
khɔn kɔ tɔŋ
lətchə
.
That is the same, it turns out. |
| S185 | tərə
khɛni ha
sor
ɛn lɔt ni mɛdɔŋnɛn, khɛni —
| mɛ | tɔŋ | nɛn | | NEG | agree.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
Only your voices aren't the same. |
| S186 | anigɛ kɔ khɔmbhɔ kenba uːksumbɛ.| ken | pa | | long.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| uːks | umbɛ | | pull.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Back then we drew our voices out long. |
| S187 |
khɛni ɛmbhɛllɛ kenba kɛnuːksummɛn
tərə
—
| ken | pa | | long.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛn | uːks | ummɛn | | 2.NEG | pull.S2 | 12PL→3SG.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
You don't draw them out. |
| S188 | N:
ɛmbhɛ poŋ phɔŋai.
sor
ɛn kɔ —
sor
ɛn kɔ cɛːtci alla lɛksɛ
həgi
?
| phɔŋa | i | | jun.pat.uncle | VOC | | misc | misc |
|
| lɛks | ɛ | | change.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
That's the way it is, uncle. The voices have changed now, right? |
| S189 | tərə
palam kɔ
uhi
lɔtthik.
But the song is the same. |
| S190 |
palam lɔtthik —
uhi
palammɛnaŋ tɔŋ.
| palam | ɛn | aŋ | | song | DEF | also | | misc | misc | misc |
|
It's one song — the song is the same. |
| S191 | tərə
hɔnɛ — alla anigɛ khɔmbhɛ
sor
ɛn lɛksɛ'llɛ khan palam
ərko
paːtmunaba, palam kɔ lɔtthik.
| lɛks | ɛ | ɛllɛ | | change.S2 | PA | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| paːt | muna | pa | | speak.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
Our voice has changed — the way of singing it is different — but the song is the same. |
| S192 | tərə əgaɖi
b'ɛnnu ɛmbhɛllɛb'ɛn mɛdɔŋnɛn cɛ kɔ.
| əgaɖi | pa | ɛn | nu | | before | NOM | DEF | ABL | | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| ɛmbhɛllɛ | pa | ɛn | | thus | NOM | DEF | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | tɔŋ | nɛn | | NEG | agree.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
Today's and the old-time one doesn't quite agree. |
| S193 | H: khɔmbhɛa.Right. |
| S194 | N: mɛdɔŋnɛn khɔmbhɛllɛ.| mɛ | tɔŋ | nɛn | | NEG | agree.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
They don't agree. |
| S195 |
ɛmbhɛllɛ
hunu
kɔ asen phɔŋasi yarik anigɛ
cəĩ
mɛdɔŋigɛn
khas
.
| phɔŋa | si | | jun.pat.uncle | PL | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | tɔŋ | igɛn | | NEG | agree.S1 | 1PL.EX.SO.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Actually, we aren't the same as your generation, uncle. |
| S196 |
theaŋ mɛdɔŋigɛn
həgi
—
ə̃ə̃
—
əgaɖi
phɛ khɛni
səllah
yɔndɛ.
| mɛ | tɔŋ | igɛn | | NEG | agree.S1 | 1PL.EX.SO.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| yɔnd | ɛ | | big.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
The reason we aren't the same — before, your consensus was more important. |
| S197 |
anigɛ kɔ allo — alla
sat jəna
the
səllah
tɔŋŋasigɛ'llɛ,
sat jəna
'tmu — ɛɛ —
| tɔŋ | asigɛ | ɛllɛ | | agree.S1 | 1PL.EX.REFL | SUB | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| sat | jəna | ɛtmu | | seven | human.CLF | LOC | | | | misc |
|
We nowadays, if seven of us agree on a plan, out of the seven |
| S198 |
sumsi, lisi, ŋasi, khɔmbhɔ rɔt anigɛ
səllah
akkho tɔŋ.
three, four, five — later only that many of us will still agree — |
| S199 |
"khatmu iŋga mɛlɔːtnan
ho
!
| mɛ | lɔːt | nan | | NEG | take.out.S1 | 1SG.NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
"I'm not paying for that, hey! |
| S200 |
iŋga kudzɛkpa ɛmbhɔ rɔt caŋba
ho
!"
| ca | ŋ | pa | | eat.S2 | 1SG | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
I only ate this much, really!" |
| S201 |
thiklɛ allo amɛt
ho
.
| a | mɛt | | 1IN | say.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
one of them will tell us. |
| S202 |
khɔmbhɛllɛ o — ɛmbhɛllɛ anigɛ
sərsəllah
mɛdɔŋigɛn hindza phɛkkɛtmu.
| mɛ | tɔŋ | igɛn | | NEG | agree.S2 | 1PL.EX.SO.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
So nowadays we don't get solidarity, among the group of young men. |
| S203 | H:
asen anigɛ kɔ
celi
sɔmmarɛ kudɔŋba lɔːttumbɛ.
| celi | sɔmma | rɛ | | female | male | ERG | | | misc | misc |
|
| ku | tɔŋ | pa | | 3SG | agree.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| lɔːtt | umbɛ | | take.out.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Before, we paid equally, clan-brothers and clan-sisters. [Clan-siblings can not dance together, but they used to go together to meet boys and girls of another clan.] |
| S204 |
sɔmmab'ɛllɛ lɔːtma
bərabər celi
'llɛaŋ lɔːtmunaba.
| sɔmma | pa | ɛllɛ | | male | NOM | DEF.ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| lɔːt | ma | | take.out.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| celi | ɛllɛ | aŋ | | female | DEF.ERG | also | | | misc | misc |
|
| lɔːt | muna | pa | | take.out.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
The sisters would pay however much the brothers paid. |
| S205 | bərabər
lɔːttumbɛaŋ kudɔŋba lɔːttumbɛaŋ purumsimbɛ.
| lɔːtt | umbɛ | aŋ | | take.out.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| ku | tɔŋ | pa | | 3SG | agree.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| lɔːtt | umbɛ | aŋ | | take.out.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| pur | umsimbɛ | | give.S2 | 1PL.EX→3NSG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We all took out the same amount and gave it to them. |
| S206 |
khunchiaŋ
celi
sɔmma mɛbhɛrɛ. anigɛaŋ
celi
sɔmma pegigɛ.
| khunchi | aŋ | | 3NSG | also | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | phɛr | ɛ | | 3PL | come.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| anigɛ | aŋ | | 1PL.EX | also | | misc | misc |
|
| peg | igɛ | | go.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
They [the other clan] came, both brothers and sisters. We went, brothers and sisters together. |
| S207 |
khɛnɛ kɛbaːttub'ɛn kusik
təmər khola
kɛyuŋba, saˀudɛn kɛyuŋbanu khɔmbhɛ yaˀ raːktigɛ wayigɛ.
| kɛ | paːtt | u | pa | ɛn | | 2 | say.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | DEF | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | yuŋ | pa | | ACT | stay.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | yuŋ | pa | nu | | ACT | stay.S1 | NOM | SOC | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| raːkt | igɛ | | dance.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| way | igɛ | | be.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Just as you said, back then we would dance with people from the Tamur Khola, from Sauden. |
| S208 | liŋdhɛp kɛyuŋmanuaŋ yaˀ raːktigɛ. khɔmbhɛ wayigɛ.| kɛ | yuŋ | ma | nu | aŋ | | ACT | stay.S1 | NOM.F | SOC | also | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| raːkt | igɛ | | dance.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| way | igɛ | | be.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We danced with people from Lingthep. |
| S209 | khɔmbhɔ phudoŋ piasigɛ'llɛ kudɔŋba lɔːttumbɛ anigɛ.| pi | asigɛ | ɛllɛ | | give.S1 | 1PL.EX.REFL | SUB | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| ku | tɔŋ | pa | | 3SG | agree.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| lɔːtt | umbɛ | | take.out.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
When we gave each other gifts, we all paid equally. |
| S210 | khɛniaŋ kudɔŋba kɛlɔːttummiya lɔːtmuna kɔ.| ku | tɔŋ | pa | | 3SG | agree.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | lɔːtt | um | iya | | 2 | take.out.S2 | 12PL→3SG | HYP | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| lɔːt | muna | | take.out.S1 | GER | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
You all pay equally too, I suppose, as far as paying goes. |
| S211 | tərə kohi
kɔ mɛllɔːtmuna mɛwaˀ,
kohi
kɔ kɛlɔːtpa mɛwaˀ
kohi
rɛ.
| mɛn | lɔːt | muna | | NEG | take.out.S1 | GER | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| kɛ | lɔːt | pa | | ACT | take.out.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
But there are always some who pay, and some who don't. |
| S212 | kohi
rɛ thi rɔt kɛdhuŋba yaˀ raːk, mɛndzo kɛlaːkpa. khunɛ kɔ —
| kɛ | thuŋ | pa | | ACT | drink.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | laːk | pa | | ACT | dance.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Some mainly drink beer, and as for dancing, they're mediocre dancers. |
| S213 |
khɔmbha
pəisa
mɛllɔːtmunaŋ mɛwaˀ.
| mɛn | lɔːt | muna | ŋ | | NEG | take.out.S1 | GER | also | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
And there are some who don't take out their money. |
| S214 | kohi
khɔmbha kɛlɔːtpa awaˀ mɔna.
| kɛ | lɔːt | pa | | ACT | take.out.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| a | waˀ | | 1IN | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
Some of us pay. |
| S215 | mɔna'llɛ mɔna andɔŋnɛnchaba — khɔmbhɔ.| an | tɔŋ | nɛn | sa | pa | | 1IN.NEG | agree.S1 | NEG | ADV | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
We people aren't the same. |
| S216 | N: andɔŋnɛn.| an | tɔŋ | nɛn | | 1IN.NEG | agree.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
We're not the same. |
| S217 | H: khɔmdaŋba mɛwaˀ. khɔn kudopma kɛbaːttu a.| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| kɛ | paːtt | u | | 2 | say.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
They're like that. You're telling it straight. |
| S218 | N:
khɔmbhɛllɛ tɔŋ
tərə
anigɛ kɔ — ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ — khɔmdaŋba alla
cələn
poksɛ pe mɛtma o.
| poks | ɛ | | become.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛt | ma | | say.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
That fits. But our custom — nowadays — its become like that, let's say. |
| S219 |
khɔmbhɛllɛ
jəti
b'ɛn
cəĩ
alla asen phɔŋasirɛ ɛmbha na, tho mɛnchiarɛ kɛmuːtti'llɛ
| jəti | pa | ɛn | | as.much | NOM | DEF | | | misc | misc |
|
| phɔŋa | si | rɛ | | jun.pat.uncle | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛnchia | rɛ | | woman | ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛm | uːtt | i | ɛllɛ | | 3NSG→2 | call.S2 | 12PL.SO | SUB | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Back then, in your generation, uncle, if women invited you up somewhere, over somewhere, |
| S220 | celi
nu sɔmmanu kɛbegi mɛːnni?
| kɛ | peg | i | | 2 | go.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
you went together, clan-brothers and sisters, no? |
| S221 | H: khɔmbhɔ.Yes. |
| S222 | N:
kɛbegi'llɛ
gəjəb
lɛ
səllah
kɛdɔŋiaŋ kɛbegi.
| kɛ | peg | i | ɛllɛ | | 2 | go.S2 | 12PL.SO | SUB | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| gəjəb | lɛ | | wonderful | INST | | | misc |
|
| kɛ | tɔŋ | i | aŋ | | 2 | agree.S2 | 12PL.SO | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛ | peg | i | | 2 | go.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
When you went, you really agreed together and you went. |
| S223 |
ɛmbhɛllɛ gɔ abhedaŋba waˀ phɛllɛ —
ə̃ə̃
—
Now, how it is, |
| S224 |
anigɛ — igɔrɔ anigɛ sɔmmaba
ek
lɔt pegigɛ,
celi
mɛdeˀrumsimbɛn.
| peg | igɛ | | go.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛ | teˀr | umsimbɛn | | NEG | take.S2 | 1PL.EX→3NSG.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
we — either we clan-brothers go by ourselves, we don't take the girls, |
| S225 | celi
rɛaŋ na, tho khunchi thaŋb'ɛn lɛ mɛuːttusi phɔgɔrɔ
| celi | rɛ | aŋ | | female | ERG | also | | | misc | misc |
|
| thaŋba | ɛn | | young.man | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | uːtt | usi | | 3PL | call.S2 | 3.O.NSG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
and the clan-sisters, if some young men invite them up, over somewhere, |
| S226 | uhi
khunchi
ek
mɛbek.
| mɛ | pek | | 3PL | go.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
it's the same — they go by themselves. |
| S227 |
sɔmmaba khunchi
caha
mɛdzoknɛn.
| mɛ | cok | nɛn | | NEG | do.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
They don't want their clan-brothers. |
| S228 |
khɔmbhɛllɛ khɔmdaŋba
cələn
poksɛaŋ waˀ ɛmbhɛllɛ.
| poks | ɛ | aŋ | | become.S2 | PA | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
That's become the custom nowadays. |
| S229 | əgaɖi
khɛni kɔ
celi
sɔmmanu laŋ mɛŋghekkɛ khɛni kɛmbeginba.
| mɛn | khek | ɛ | | NEG | walk.S1 | GER | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛn | peg | in | pa | | 2.NEG | go.S2 | 12PL.SO.NEG | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Before, unless the brothers and sisters went together, you didn't go. |
| S230 | tərə
anigɛ kɔ ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ
celi
sɔmmanu sorik laŋ khekma hop — khɔnnɛn
cəĩ
.
| khek | ma | | walk.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
But now, with us, there's no question of brothers and sisters going together, as far as that's concerned. |
| S231 | H: tərə
khɛni khɔmbhɔ yaˀ raːksɛ kɛbegiaŋ kɛdɛi'llɛ ɛmbhɛllɛ kɛipsi.
| raːk | sɛ | | dance.S1 | PURP | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | peg | i | aŋ | | 2 | go.S2 | 12PL.SO | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛ | t'yɛ | i | ɛllɛ | | 2 | come.S2 | 12PL.SO | SUB | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛ | ips | i | | 2 | sleep.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
But you all, when you've gone dancing and you come back, nowadays you go to bed. |
| S232 | pa, marɛ mɛnisurɔ yaˀ raːksɛ kɛbegiaŋ yammu kɛdɛi.| mɛ | nis | u | rɔ | | 3PL | see.S2 | 3SG.O | PROG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| raːk | sɛ | | dance.S1 | PURP | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | peg | i | aŋ | | 2 | go.S2 | 12PL.SO | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛ | t'yɛ | i | | 2 | come.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
With the knowledge of your parents, you go dancing and then you come back. |
| S233 | khɔmbhɔ kɛipsi. puŋŋaŋ kɛmbegin. kɛngisin a khɛni ɛmbhɛllɛ.| kɛ | ips | i | | 2 | sleep.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| puŋ | aŋ | | work-party | also | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛn | peg | in | | 2.NEG | go.S2 | 12PL.SO.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| kɛn | kis | in | | 2.NEG | fear.S2 | 12PL.SO.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
And then you go to bed. You don't go to the work-party. You're not afraid, nowadays. |
| S234 | anigɛ khɔmbha asen kɔ abhe lɔˀrigɛ phɛllɛ —| lɔˀr | igɛ | | say.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We, before, how we were — |
| S235 | alla himmu panu marɛ mɛnnisumba anigɛ yaˀ raːksɛ pekm'ɛllɛ.| mɛn | nis | un | pa | | 3PL.SA.NEG | see.S2 | 3SG.O.NEG | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| raːk | sɛ | | dance.S1 | PURP | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| pek | ma | ɛllɛ | | go.S1 | INF | SUB | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
Without our parents knowing, when we went dancing, |
| S236 | celi
sɔmma anda tɔŋmasiŋ poŋ, cumdzum tɔŋmasiŋ poŋ, khɔmbhɛaŋ kɔ pegigɛ.
| tɔŋ | ma | siŋ | | agree.S1 | INF | REFL | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| cum | cum | | friend | friend | | misc | misc |
|
| tɔŋ | ma | siŋ | | agree.S1 | INF | REFL | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| khɔmbhɛ | aŋ | | thus | also | | misc | misc |
|
| peg | igɛ | | go.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
the boys and girls had to agree, all the friends had to agree, and then we went. |
| S237 | tərə
akkho tɛigɛ'llɛ
bela
pa maŋ mɛimmaŋ mɛnɛ.
| t'yɛ | igɛ | ɛllɛ | | come.S2 | 1PL.EX | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛ | im | aŋ | | 3PL | sleep.S1 | CJ | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | nɛ | | 3PL | lie.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
Later, when we came back, our parents were already sleeping. |
| S238 | anigɛ mikkaŋ mɛyunɛnba.| mɛ | yu | nɛn | pa | | NEG | feel.S1 | NEG | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
We didn't fall asleep. |
| S239 | lɛplɔrik tɔːk mɛbirigɛaŋ kɔ kaːŋ yaŋŋasigɛ.| mɛ | pir | igɛ | aŋ | | 3PL | give.S2 | 1PL.EX | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| yaŋ | asigɛ | | wield.S1 | 1PL.EX.REFL | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Directly they gave us food, we took up our hoes. |
| S240 | khɔmbhɛaŋ kɔ puŋ thasigɛ. pegigɛ.| thas | igɛ | | attend.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| peg | igɛ | | go.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Then we set out for the work-party. We went. |
| S241 |
khɔmbhɛaŋ khatmu immaŋ nɛm'ɛllɛ, alla
celi
sɔmma —
| im | aŋ | | sleep.S1 | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| nɛ | ma | ɛllɛ | | lie.S1 | INF | SUB | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
Then over there, if we slept, the clan-brothers and sisters — |
| S242 |
alla
celi
immaŋ nɛ'llɛ sɔmma phɛllɛ yaˀ ɔːguba.
| im | aŋ | | sleep.S1 | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| nɛ | ɛllɛ | | lie.S1 | SUB | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| ɔːg | u | pa | | cultivate.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Now if the sisters were asleep, it was the brothers who would hoe, |
| S243 |
yammu akkho yammu — yammu
celi
n pokkaŋ khunɛ ɔːgu'llɛ sɔmma ɔːkmunaba,
palo palo
ɔːkmunaba.
| pok | aŋ | | get.up.S1 | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| ɔːg | u | ɛllɛ | | cultivate.S2 | 3SG.O | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| ɔːk | muna | pa | | cultivate.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| ɔːk | muna | pa | | cultivate.S1 | GER | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
and again later, when the sisters got up and hoed, they would hoe by turns. |
| S244 | khɔmbhɛaŋ himmu mu pa marɛaŋ napmi mɛndɔrɛn, kusiŋ mɛnniːttun.| ma | rɛ | aŋ | | mother | ERG | also | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛn | tɔr | ɛn | | 3PL.SA.NEG | abuse.S2 | PA.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛn | niːtt | un | | 3PL.SA.NEG | recognize.S2 | 3SG.O.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
So at home our parents didn't scold us, they didn't even know. |
| S245 | ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ khɛni kɔ kɛipsi, kɛdɛiaŋ kɔ.| kɛ | ips | i | | 2 | sleep.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| kɛ | t'yɛ | i | aŋ | | 2 | come.S2 | 12PL.SO | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Nowadays you just sleep, when you come back. |
| S246 | khɔmdaŋba iŋga nisuŋ.| nis | uŋ | | see.S2 | 1SG→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
That's how I see it. |
| S247 | khɔmbhɔ ɛtmu paŋbhe'tmu khɔmdaŋba kɛwayi ro! ɛmbhɛllɛ.| paŋbhe | ɛtmu | | village | LOC | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | way | i | | 2 | be.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
That's the way you are here in the village, nowadays! |
| S248 | N:
wayigɛ
tərə
khannɛn —
ə̃ə̃
—
| way | igɛ | | be.S2 | 1PL.EX | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| khan | ɛn | | that.one | DEF | | misc | misc |
|
We are, but |
| S249 |
khɔmlɔrik
uhile
kɔ phɔŋasi kɔ khɔmlɔrik kɛbegi — yaˀ raːksɛ kɛbegi kɛdɛiaŋ kɔ
| phɔŋa | si | | jun.pat.uncle | PL | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | peg | i | | 2 | go.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| raːk | sɛ | | dance.S1 | PURP | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | peg | i | | 2 | go.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| kɛ | t'yɛ | i | aŋ | | 2 | arrive.S2 | 12PL.SO | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
before, uncle, when you went dancing and came back, |
| S250 |
ɛmbha lɛplɔrik
kam
ɛtmu kɛdhasi.
| kɛ | thas | i | | 2 | attend.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
you set out directly to work. |
| S251 | tərə
ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ anigɛ kɔ khɔn ambhɔŋasirɛ kusiktaŋba asen khɔmdaŋba
cələn
hop.
| a | phɔŋa | si | rɛ | | 1SG | jun.pat.uncle | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kusiktaŋba | | like.ADJ.NOM | | misc |
|
But nowadays, we don't have a custom like your generation's, uncle. |
| S252 |
ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ thikthik —
tərə
ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ thikthik lɔt mɛwaˀ, khɔmdaŋba. thikthik lɔt mɛwaˀ.
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| mɛ | waˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
Now there are one or two like that. There are only one or two. |
| S253 | khɔmbhɛllɛ ɛmbhɛllɛ kɔ lɛplɔrik yaˀ raːksɛ pekmaŋ tamaŋ kɔ kɛimb'ɛn ɛmbha mɛimmaŋ mɛnɛ.| raːk | sɛ | | dance.S1 | PURP | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| pek | ma | ŋ | | go.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| ta | ma | ŋ | | arrive.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | im | pa | ɛn | | 2 | sleep.S1 | NOM | DEF | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | im | aŋ | | 3PL | sleep.S1 | CJ | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | nɛ | | 3PL | lie.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
When they go dancing and come back, the sleepers stay sleeping. |
| S254 | ə̃
—
kam
coksɛ kɛbekp'ɛn, cɛːtcik khunchi pa ma kɛgitp'ɛn
cəĩ nə
.
| cok | sɛ | | do.S1 | PURP | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | pek | pa | ɛn | | 2 | go.S1 | NOM | DEF | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | kit | pa | ɛn | | ACT | fear.S1 | NOM | DEF | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
The ones who go to work, it's the ones who are a little afraid of their parents. |
| S255 |
alla — allo — alla ambhɔŋarɛ kɛsa
cəndre
aŋ kɔ alla
jəstəi bəjar
yaˀ raːksɛ pek mɛːnni?
| a | phɔŋa | rɛ | | 1SG | jun.pat.uncle | GEN | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| raːk | sɛ | | dance.S1 | PURP | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Now uncle, suppose your son Chandre goes to the fair to dance, OK? |
| S256 | H: ə̃
.
Hmm. |
| S257 | N:
pekkɛllɛ — xxx ho — ain kɔ iŋga ɛmdaŋba
iskul
ɛtmu
kam
aŋ kɔttuŋ.
| pek | ɛllɛ | | go.S1 | SUB | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɔtt | uŋ | | possess.S2 | 1SG→3SG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
When he goes — "Oh, I have some work to do at school today." |
| S258 |
ain kɔ ɛmdaŋba —
ə̃ə̃
— yaˀ ɔːkma the yaːllek phɔnmasi theaŋ kɔttuŋsiŋ".
| ɔːk | ma | | cultivate.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| phɔn | ma | si | | hire.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| kɔtt | uŋsiŋ | | possess.S2 | 1SG→3NSG | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
"Today I have to supervise some laborers hoeing." |
| S259 | tərə
khɔnnɛn
cəĩ
"alla immaŋ nɛma phɛllɛ amba kɛdziːtpa, allo adɔn ahip asɛttiya"
| im | ma | ŋ | | sleep.S1 | INF | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| nɛ | ma | | lie.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | ciːt | pa | | ACT | be.angry.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| a | tɔn | | 1IN | abuse.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| a | hip | | 1IN | strike.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| a | sɛt | iya | | 1IN | kill.S1 | HYP | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
[He thinks:] "If I sleep in, my father is strict, he'll abuse me, he'll hit me, he'll kill me," |
| S260 | lɔˀaŋ kɔ khunɛ kɔ hoitlɔrik pek.| lɔˀ | aŋ | | say.S1 | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| hoit | lɔrik | | ONOM.immediately | ADV | | misc | misc |
|
he thinks, and he goes off immediately. |
| S261 | tərə
khɔnnɛn
uhi ho
, alla ani pa ma lɛ cɛːtcik yɔŋma sɛtmasi ci pa ma kɛdziːtp'ɛllɛ ni — mɛmma poŋ.
| yɔŋ | ma | | frighten | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| sɛt | ma | si | | kill.S1 | INF | NSG.O | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | ciːt | pa | ɛllɛ | | ACT | be.angry.S1 | NOM | SUB | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
But its the same — It's like that if the parents are a little strict, if they inspire fear. |
| S262 | khɔmbhɔ sarɛaŋ amgit — amgitpa ɛmbha.| sa | rɛ | aŋ | | son | ERG | CJ | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| am | kit | | 3NSG→1IN | fear.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
| am | kit | pa | | 3NSG→1IN | fear.S1 | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Then the children fear us, they fear us like that. |
| S263 | H:
khɔmbhɛa amgittaŋ,
kam
ɛnnaŋ mɛdzoguaŋ,
| am | kit | aŋ | | 3NSG→1IN | fear.S1 | CJ | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kam | ɛn | aŋ | | work | DEF | also | | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | cog | u | aŋ | | 3PL | do.S2 | 3SG.O | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
They fear us, and they work. |
| S264 | tərə
anigɛ khɔmbha
hal
toksigɛ'llɛ,
| toks | igɛ | ɛllɛ | | plow.S2 | 1PL.EX | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
But when we plowed, |
| S265 |
anigɛ
hal
toksumbɛb'ɛn yarik khɛni niyaːn rɔt kɛdoksum.
| toks | umbɛ | pa | ɛn | | plow.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | NOM | DEF | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | toks | um | | 2 | plow.S2 | 12PL→3SG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
The amount that we plowed, you all can only plow in two days. |
| S266 | anigɛ thikyaːn lɛ toksumbɛb'ɛn khɛni niyaːn lɛ kɛdoksum.| toks | umbɛ | pa | ɛn | | plow.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | NOM | DEF | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | toks | um | | 2 | plow.S2 | 12PL→3SG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
The amount we plowed in one day, you plow in two days. |
| S267 | khɔmbhɛllɛ pa ɛmbhɛllɛba khɛni pa the'tmu khɔmbhɔ khɛni mɛyaːknɛnbai khɛni sɔkma.| ɛmbhɛllɛ | pa | | thus | NOM | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | yaːk | nɛn | pa | i | | NEG | stay.S1 | NEG | NOM | Q | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc | misc |
|
Your father's — as much as was your father had in him — uh — you don't have the stamina. |
| S268 | mɛŋgɔrɔ kudɔŋba toŋma kɛboŋba, asenba yarik.| ku | tɔŋ | pa | | 3SG | agree.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| toŋ | ma | | plow.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | poŋ | pa | | ACT | must.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Otherwise you should be able to plow as much as the old-timers. |
| S269 |
yammu mɛbaːttu'llɛ asen ambasirɛ mɛdoksuba yarik iŋga "khɛnɛ kɛndoksun"
tərə
ammarɛaŋ khɔmbhɔ mɛttaŋ.
| mɛ | paːtt | u | ɛllɛ | | 3PL | say.S2 | 3SG.O | SUB | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| a | pa | si | rɛ | | 1SG | father | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | toks | u | pa | | 3PL | plow.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛn | toks | un | | 2.NEG | plow.S2 | 3SG.O.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| a | ma | rɛ | aŋ | | 1SG | mother | ERG | also | | misc | misc | misc | misc |
|
| mɛtt | aŋ | | do.S2 | 1SG.SO.PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
They used to say, compared to the amount my father's generation plowed, "You don't plow as much." My mother used to tell me that. |
| S270 |
"kɛmbarɛ toksuba yarik khɛnɛ
hal
kɛndoksun" mɛttaŋ.
| kɛ | pa | rɛ | | 2 | father | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| toks | u | pa | | plow.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛn | toks | un | | 2.NEG | plow.S2 | 3SG.O.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| mɛtt | aŋ | | do.S2 | 1SG.SO.PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
"You don't plow as much as your father used to plow," she told me. |
| S271 | khɔmbhɛlɔrik cɛksu.| khɔmbhɛ | lɔrik | | thus | ADV | | misc | misc |
|
| cɛks | u | | tell.S2 | 3SG.O | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
That's what they said. |
| S272 | luŋdzɔŋ ciluŋ mɛsɛttuba, khunchi siŋ mɛbɔksuba mɛdzɛksu'llɛ iŋgaŋ mɛnchukpa.| ci | luŋ | | a.little | stone | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | sɛtt | u | pa | | 3PL | lay.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛ | pɔks | u | pa | | 3PL | lift.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛ | cɛks | u | ɛllɛ | | 3PL | tell.S2 | 3SG.O | SUB | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛn | suk | pa | | NEG | be.able.S1 | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
And when they said how much stone wall they laid, or how much wood they carried, I was unable to do it. |
| S273 | ambarɛ pɔksuba yarik ambarɛ luŋ lɛksuaŋ nɛssuba yarik iŋga nɛma mɛnchukpa.| a | pa | rɛ | | 1SG | father | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| pɔks | u | pa | | lift.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| a | pa | rɛ | | 1SG | father | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| lɛks | u | aŋ | | turn.over.S2 | 3SG.O | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| nɛss | u | pa | | lay.down.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| nɛ | ma | | lay.down.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛn | suk | pa | | NEG | be.able.S1 | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
The amount my father carried, the amount of rock my father turned over and laid down, I couldn't do it. |
| S274 | khɔmbhɛllɛ asenba mɔna cigɛdhumbaasi.| ci | kɛ | thum | pa | asi | | a.little | ACT | be.strong.S1 | NOM | 3PL.COP | | misc | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
The old-timers back then were stronger. |
| S275 | N:
kɛdhumbasi
tərə
khɔn kɔ ɛmbhɔ poŋ phɔŋai …
| kɛ | thum | pa | asi | | ACT | be.strong.S1 | NOM | 3PL.COP | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| phɔŋa | i | | jun.pat.uncle | VOC | | misc | misc |
|
They were strong. But it is like this, uncle. |
| S276 | H: tərə
asenba mɔnahaˀ
bhənda
lɛ khɔmbhɛ kɛdhumba mɛwayɛ, waˀma kɔ. ɛmbhɛllɛ yammu ɛmbhɛllɛ waˀma kɔ awaˀ.
| kɛ | thum | pa | | ACT | be.strong.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | way | ɛ | | 3PL | be.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| waˀ | ma | | be.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| waˀ | ma | | be.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| a | waˀ | | 1IN | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
And compared to the old-timers — they were strong, as far as that goes — but now also there are some of us who are strong. |
| S277 | tərə jun jəti kam
cokma
jəti
adhum
lətchə
.
| cok | ma | | do.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| a | thum | | 1IN | be.strong.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
The more work we do, the stronger we are, it turns out. |
| S278 | kam
mɛndzokma ɛmbha mɛndzo ɛmbha waˀma phɔgɔrɔ khɔmbhɔ andhumnɛn.
| mɛn | cok | ma | | NEG | do.S1 | INF | | vprefix | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| waˀ | ma | | be.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| an | thum | nɛn | | 1IN.NEG | be.strong.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
If we just hang around, not doing any work, then we are not strong. |
| S279 |
cɛːt thɔkkɛnna lɛt pek
lətchə
. lɛttaŋ kɔ cɛːt andhumnɛnba
rətchə
.
| thɔk | ɛn | aŋ | | body | DEF | also | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| lɛt | aŋ | | be.stiff.S1 | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| an | thum | nɛn | pa | | 1IN.NEG | be.strong.S1 | NEG | NOM | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
Our bodies go a bit to seed. They go to seed and we aren't strong. |
| S280 | abhe yɛ kɛbaːnnɛn?| kɛ | paːn | ɛn | | 2 | speech | DEF | | misc | misc | misc |
|
What do you say? |
| S281 | N: khɔnnɛn khɔn kɔ ɛmbhɛdaŋba phɔŋai.| phɔŋa | i | | jun.pat.uncle | VOC | | misc | misc |
|
It's like this, uncle. |
| S282 | jəti
phɛ ɛmbhɛllɛ
kəli yug
ɛllɛba anigɛ kudzɛk hindza gɔ alla khɔtyo rɔt khɔtyo rɔt ayu.
| yug | ɛllɛ | pa | | Yug | DEF.GEN | NOM | | | misc | misc |
|
| a | yu | | 1IN | come.down.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
Now in the Kali Yug, we youngsters keep going downhill, further and further. |
| S283 |
alla asen phɔŋasirɛ yarik
ə̃
kɛdzogumba anigɛ ɛmbhɛllɛ khɔpmu mɛgɛttumbɛn.
| phɔŋa | si | rɛ | | jun.pat.uncle | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | cog | um | pa | | 2 | do.S2 | 12PL→3SG | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛ | kɛtt | umbɛn | | 3PL | reach.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
We don't match the amount of work that your generation did before, uncle. |
| S284 | phɔŋasirɛ kɛdzamba yarikkɛtmu anigɛ ni khɔn kɛpma mɛsuktumbɛn.| phɔŋa | si | rɛ | | jun.pat.uncle | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | ca | m | pa | | 2 | eat.S2 | 12PL→3SG | NOM | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| yarik | ɛtmu | | extent | LOC | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛt | ma | | reach.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | sukt | umbɛ | n | | NEG | be.able.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | DEF | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
We can't even match the amount that you ate. |
| S285 |
anigɛ
uhi
khɛni mɛnchahaˀrɛ anigɛ cogumbɛba yarik khɛni mɛnchahaˀrɛ yammu kɛpma mɛnchuktun.
| mɛncha | haˀ | rɛ | | grandchild | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| cog | umbɛ | pa | | do.S2 | 1PL.EX→3SG | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛncha | haˀ | rɛ | | grandchild | PL | ERG | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| kɛt | ma | | reach.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛn | sukt | un | | 3PL.SA.NEG | be.able.S2 | 3SG.O.NEG | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Similarly, your grandchildren can't match the amount of work we do. |
| S286 | H: khɔmbha.Right. |
| S287 | N:
khɔmbhɛllɛ. ɛmbhɛllɛ alla
səttejug
asen
səttejug
ɛllɛ sususiba mɔna mɛdhumdɛaŋ, ɛmbhɛllɛ
kəli jug
ɛllɛba
ləu
khɔmdaŋba rɔt.
rətchə
.
| səttejug | ɛllɛ | | golden.age | DEF.INST | | | misc |
|
| sus | usi | pa | | touch.S2 | 3.O.NSG | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| mɛ | thumd | ɛ | aŋ | | 3PL | be.strong.S2 | PA | CJ | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| jug | ɛllɛ | pa | | age | DEF.INST | NOM | | | misc | misc |
|
So, the men before, who were touched by the Golden Age, were strong, but now those of the Kali Yug are only like this. |
| S288 | H: khɔmbha — khɔn kudopma.Right. That's the straight story. |
| S289 | tərə
ani yakthumbarɛ yakthumbanu pɛni'llɛ akkh'yarik
bicar
kɛdzogu?
| yakthuŋba | rɛ | | Limbu | GEN | | misc | misc |
|
| yakthuŋba | nu | | Limbu | ABL | | misc | misc |
|
| pɛni | ɛllɛ | | brahman | DEF.GEN | | misc | misc |
|
| akkhe | yarik | | how.much | extent | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | cog | u | | 2 | do.S2 | 3SG.O | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
Now, what's your opinion concerning us Limbus and the Nepalis? |
| S290 | yakthumb'ɛllɛ coaŋ coguaŋ.| yakthuŋba | ɛllɛ | | Limbu | DEF.ERG | | misc | misc |
|
| co | aŋ | | eat.S2 | also | | v[pastem] | misc |
|
| cog | u | aŋ | | do.S2 | 3SG.O | also | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
The Limbu eats, and he works. |
| S291 | ɛmbhɛllɛ abhedaŋba poksɛ khɛni pɛni paːn ciyɔllik kɛbaːri.| poks | ɛ | | become.S2 | PA | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| ci | yɔllik | | a.little | much | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | paːr | i | | 2 | speak.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
But now, what's happened, you all speak a little more Nepali [when speaking Limbu]. |
| S292 | yakthuŋ paːn cigɛmasum.| ci | kɛ | mas | um | | a.little | 2 | lose.S2 | 12PL→3SG | | misc | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
You've lost a little of the Limbu language. |
| S293 | khɔmbhɛllɛ khɔllɛ abheba co khɔmdaŋba cama khɔmbhɛ ciyɔllik khɛni kɛlasi.| ca | ma | | eat.S2 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| ci | yɔllik | | a.little | much | | misc | misc |
|
| kɛ | las | i | | 2 | enter.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
It's a case of ?? eating what they eat — you all have gone a bit down that road. |
| S294 | khɔpmu kɛlasi. khɔpmu kɛlasi khɔmbhɛllɛ.| kɛ | las | i | | 2 | enter.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
| kɛ | las | i | | 2 | enter.S2 | 12PL.SO | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
You've gone that way. |
| S295 | khɔmbhɛllɛ khɔmbha khɔmdaŋba thummɛn kɔ cɛːtci yɔmba cigemba kuyɛt ciyɔmb'ɛn cɛːtci thum mɛːnni?| thum | ɛn | | be.strong.S1 | ?? | | v[prstem] | |
|
| yɔn | pa | | big.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| ci | ken | pa | | a.little | long.S1 | NOM | | misc | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| ci | yɔn | pa | ɛn | | a.little | big.S1 | NOM | DEF | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| thum | | be.strong.S1 | | v[prstem] |
|
Now as far as being strong, one who is a little bigger, a little taller, whose bones are a bit bigger, he's a bit stronger, no? |
| S296 | yɛt cuːkpa mɔna cuːkpa phɔgɔrɔ andhumnɛn a.| cuːk | pa | | small.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| cuːk | pa | | small.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| an | thum | nɛn | | 1IN.NEG | be.strong.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
If one's bones are small, if one is small, one isn't strong. |
| S297 | N: andhumnɛn.| an | thum | nɛn | | 1IN.NEG | be.strong.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
No. |
| S298 | H: cɛːtci yɔmb'ɛnnaŋ ciliːp.| yɔn | pa | ɛn | aŋ | | big.S1 | NOM | DEF | also | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| ci | liːp | | a.little | be.heavy.S1 | | misc | v[prstem] |
|
One who is a bit bigger will be a bit heavier. |
| S299 | N: ciliːp.| ci | liːp | | a.little | be.heavy.S1 | | misc | v[prstem] |
|
He'll be heavier. |
| S300 | H: khɔmbhɛllɛ khɔmdaŋba …So … |
| S301 | N:
khɔmbhɛllɛ
ləu
paːttɛ khɛnɛ. khɔmbhɛllɛ …
| paːtt | ɛ | | say.S2 | IMP | | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
So — go ahead, speak. |
| S302 | H: yakthumba mɛtmunasiŋŋɛn abhedaŋba poksɛ'llɛ — yakthumba aboksɛ ani.| mɛt | muna | siŋ | ɛn | | say.S1 | GER | REFL | DEF | | v[prstem] | misc | misc | misc |
|
| poks | ɛ | ɛllɛ | | become.S2 | PA | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| a | poks | ɛ | | 1IN | become.S2 | PA | | vprefix | v[pastem] | vsuffix |
|
As to how it came about, calling ourselves "Yakthungba" — we're yakthungba. |
| S303 | yakthumba mɛtmuna yakthumbai akthumbai? ɛ nɛtchi'pmu ɛ nɛtchi'pmu.| mɛt | muna | | say.S1 | GER | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| akthumba | i | | akthumba | Q | | misc | misc |
|
The word "yakthungba" — is it "yakthungba" or is it "akthungba"? Between these two. |
| S304 | N: yakthumbai akthumbai?| akthumba | i | | akthumba | Q | | misc | misc |
|
Is it "yakthungba" or is it "akthungba"? |
| S305 | alla iŋga ittuŋŋɛllɛ yakthumba phɛllɛ — yakthumba kɔ mɛːndu akthuŋbai kusiktaŋ lɔˀ a.| itt | uŋ | ɛllɛ | | think.S2 | 1SG→3SG | SUB | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| akthuŋba | i | | akthungba | Q | | misc | misc |
|
Now that I think of it, "yakthungba" — it's not "yakthungba", it's more like "akthungba". |
| S306 | H: ə̃
.
Hmm. |
| S307 | N: kudzɛkki? khɔmbhɔi? khɔmbhɔ mɛːnni ambhɔŋae?| a | phɔŋa | e | | 1SG | jun.pat.uncle | VOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
Is it true? Is it like that? It's like that, no, uncle? |
| S308 | H:
akthuŋba mɛtmunan
cəĩ
kuyaŋŋɛtmu yaktarik aktuɛ kɛthuŋb'ɛllɛ akthuŋba siktaŋba
həi
!
| mɛt | muna | n | | say.S1 | GER | DEF | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
| ku | yaŋ | ɛtmu | | 3SG | container | LOC | | misc | misc | misc |
|
| yak | tarik | | be.in.S1 | up.to | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| akt | u | ɛ | | serve.S2 | 3SG.O | GER | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| kɛ | thuŋ | pa | ɛllɛ | | ACT | drink.S1 | NOM | SUB | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
If we say "akthungba" — as long as there's something inside the pot, since one served it ["aktu"] and drank it ["thung"], it's like "akthungba" right! |
| S309 | yakthuŋba mɛtmunan abhedaŋba yak, yakthuŋba.| mɛt | muna | n | | say.S1 | GER | DEF | | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
The expression "yakthungba" — whatever's inside ["yak"] — "yakthungba". |
| S310 | yak, yakthuŋba."yak", "yakthungba". |
| S311 | khɔmbhɛllɛ khɔn sen donɛba khɛnɛ.| to | nɛ | pa | | ask.S1 | 1SG→2SG | NOM | | v[prstem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
That's what I'm asking you. |
| S312 | N: khɔmbhɛllɛ khɔn yakthuŋba kudzɛkkaŋ ni ya khɔn.| kudzɛk | aŋ | | truly | also | | misc | misc |
|
Then indeed it must be "yakthungba". |
| S313 |
alla himmu waˀthɛllik lɔt ni kɛdzab'adi,
ho ki
?
| waˀ | thɛllik | | be.S1 | until | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| kɛ | ca | pa | adi | | ACT | eat.S2 | NOM | 1PL.IN.COP | | misc | v[prstem] | misc | misc |
|
We are people who eat only as long as there is ["yak"] something in the house, right? |
| S314 | yakthuŋba — akthuŋba."yakthungba", "akthungba". |
| S315 |
khɔmbhɛllɛ
jəti
himmu yuŋ,
ho ki
?
Whatever there is in the house, |
| S316 | yə
i
khyampa
'pmu yuŋ
or in the storage-pot |
| S317 | khɔnnɛn akthuŋba — yakthuŋba — akthuŋba."akthungba", "yakthungba", "akthungba". |
| S318 | khɔmbhɔ khɔnnɛn mɛkkaŋ kɔ cuːruba ani yakthumb'ɛllɛ.| mɛk | aŋ | | exhaust.S1 | CJ | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| cuːr | u | pa | | finish.S2 | 3SG.O | NOM | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| yakthuŋba | ɛllɛ | | Limbu | DEF.GEN | | misc | misc |
|
When it's finished, it's finished for us Limbus. |
| S319 | khɔmbhɛaŋsa akthumba alla mɛlɔˀ laˀba.| khɔmbhɛaŋ | sa | | thus | ADV | | misc | misc |
|
| mɛ | lɔˀ | | 3PL | be.S1 | | vprefix | v[prstem] |
|
Maybe that's why they say "akthungba" [??]. |
| S320 | H: taːndik cama ɛtchindaːn cama taŋba kɔ the niŋwa'tmu mɛyaknɛn.| ca | ma | | eat.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| ɛtchindaːn | | day.after.tomorrow | | misc |
|
| ca | ma | | eat.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
| mɛ | yak | nɛn | | NEG | be.in.S1 | NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
We have no thought for what to eat tomorrow, or the next day. |
| S321 | allo rɔt caŋŋaŋ kɔ taːndi ɛtchindaːn kɔ cama| ca | ŋ | aŋ | | eat.S2 | 1SG | CJ | | v[pastem] | vsuffix | misc |
|
| ɛtchindaːn | | day.after.tomorrow | | misc |
|
| ca | ma | | eat.S1 | INF | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
If I've eaten just now, eating tomorrow or the next day — |
| S322 | N: caha
mɛdzokŋan!
| mɛ | cok | ŋan | | NEG | do.S1 | 1SG.PR.NEG | | vprefix | v[prstem] | vsuffix |
|
I don't need it! |
| S323 | H:
ɛmbhɛdaŋba rɔt niŋwa — ani yakthuŋbarɛ niŋwa waˀba hɔmdaŋba
hagi
?
| yakthuŋba | rɛ | | Limbu | GEN | | misc | misc |
|
| waˀ | pa | | be.S1 | NOM | | v[prstem] | misc |
|
Our Limbu philosophy is like that, huh? |
| S324 | sər ləu əi
!
[To the linguist:] That's it, sir. |